against soil erosion, resulting primarily from agricultural practices and mining. Current farming methods, such as
frequent intensive tillage of soil, combined with an absence of any anti-erosion measures, such as terraces, swales,
contour markers and trenches, lead to high levels of soil erosion and loss of soil fertility. Rapid runoff on such soils leads
to, at best, gully formation and, at worse, landslides. Poor mining practices in active mine sites, both formal licensed and
informal, unlicensed (often artisanal) mines, lead to the runoff of large quantities of sediment into rivers and
watercourses. Even when no longer active, and despite regulations requiring post-closure rehabilitation, many
abandoned mines continue to contribute large amounts of sediment to the downstream
The Project will be implemented in Rwanda in all Provinces and Kigali City. In each Province, we will select one District as
follows: Eastern Province ( Gatsibo District) , Southern Province ( Nyamagabe District), Western Province ( Karongi
District) Northern Province ( Burera District) while in Kigali City Gasabo District will be selected.